The Brand Iceberg
Most conversations about brand start with the visible: the logo, the colour palette, the campaign, the website. These are the things that get signed off in boardrooms and shared on LinkedIn. But McKinsey’s landmark Business Value of Design research, which tracked 300 companies across five years and collected over two million pieces of financial data, makes a compelling case that the brands delivering the strongest returns are winning on something far less visible. They’re winning on what’s beneath the surface.
This is the essence of the Brand Iceberg. The visual identity, the messaging, the communications, these are the tip. Powerful, yes. But only as strong as the strategic foundations, cultural clarity, and human understanding sitting underneath them. McKinsey’s data gives that idea real commercial weight. And it’s precisely why we built our entire approach around going below the waterline first.
The Five Foundations That Separate Brand Leaders From the Rest
1. Leadership That Takes Brand Seriously
In the strongest performing companies, brand isn’t delegated down, it’s owned at the top. McKinsey found that the companies with the best financial returns embedded a bold, brand-centric vision directly into C-suite thinking. Yet less than 5% of all companies surveyed could make objective, evidence-based brand decisions at leadership level.
That gap is significant. And it’s one we set out to close from the very beginning of every engagement. Our process starts with the people who lead the business, understanding their vision, their ambitions, and what they want to achieve. When brand strategy is treated with the same rigour as revenue and costs, it stops being a creative exercise and starts becoming a genuine driver of long-term value.
2. A Deep Understanding of the Business and Its Audiences
McKinsey found that over 40% of companies still weren’t talking to their end users before shaping their brand direction. The brands that pull ahead invest in genuine, evidence-based understanding of who they’re speaking to and why those people should care.
This is where our 5 Ex methodology begins. The first stage, Extract, is about discovery. Through structured workshops, deep questioning and careful listening, we immerse ourselves in the business: its vision, its culture, its competitive landscape, and crucially, its audiences. We want to understand not just who the business is talking to, but how those people think, what they value, and what will genuinely connect with them. This isn’t a tick-box exercise, it’s the foundation everything else is built on.
3. Strategy That Bridges the Gap Between Perception and Reality
One of the most overlooked challenges in branding is the gap between how a business sees itself and how the market actually perceives it. McKinsey’s research consistently shows that brands without clear strategic foundations struggle to create coherent, lasting impressions, no matter how polished the visible identity.
Our second stage, Examine, is where we analyse what the Extract phase has revealed. We probe for the authentic, ownable story that will differentiate the brand in the market. We identify the strategic platform that will guide all communications, inform the brand positioning, and ensure every touchpoint is working toward the same goal. This is strategy as a north star — not a document that gets filed away, but a living reference point that brings alignment across the business, from the leadership team to the frontline.
4. A Brand Experience That Works Across Every Touchpoint
Brand doesn’t live in a single moment. It lives across every interaction, physical spaces, digital platforms, service encounters, communications, internal culture. McKinsey’s top performers understood this and broke down the internal walls that create inconsistency. Around half the companies studied hadn’t conducted any meaningful audience research before shaping their brand direction. The result is a brand that feels fragmented, polished in one place, disconnected in another.
Our third and fourth stages, Explore and Excite, are where strategy becomes tangible. We explore a wide range of creative possibilities, searching for the ideas that genuinely engage the right audiences. Then we develop those ideas into transformational creative solutions: identity systems, digital platforms, environmental design, communications, all resolved to create a cohesive and consistent brand experience. Every element is considered in relation to the whole. Because meaningful brand equity is built when every touchpoint tells a coherent story.
5. A Vision Built to Endure
Perhaps the most invisible foundation of all: a long-term brand vision that gives the organisation a consistent point of reference, year after year. McKinsey found that companies with the strongest financial returns don’t treat their brand as a campaign, they treat it as an operating principle that shapes how decisions get made at every level.
Our fifth stage, Execute, is about bringing that vision to life with precision and care, across every agreed deliverable. But execution isn’t the end of the story. We work with clients to ensure the brand is set up to grow, evolve, and remain relevant as the business moves through different stages of its journey. The investment made in the early stages of the process, in discovery, strategy, and exploration, is what delivers brand longevity and builds genuine equity over time.
What the Numbers Tell Us
The commercial case for getting this right is difficult to ignore. McKinsey’s research found that companies in the top quartile for brand and design thinking outperformed their industry peers by 32 percentage points in revenue growth over five years. Their total returns to shareholders were 56 percentage points higher. And that outperformance held true across every sector studied, suggesting this isn’t a niche advantage. It’s a fundamental one.
Perhaps most striking: 98% of senior executives, when asked to name their organisation’s single greatest brand weakness, gave answers that pointed directly to these five foundations. The awareness is there. The gap is in making it structural, and in having a process that addresses it from the ground up.
Building From the Bottom Up
We believe design can change how people and businesses experience their world. But that potential is only unlocked when the work is grounded in genuine insight, in a clear understanding of where the business is, where it wants to go, and what it stands for.
Our 5 Ex methodology, Extract, Examine, Explore, Excite, Execute, exists to do exactly that. It’s a structured way of lifting the hood on a business, discovering what’s really there, and translating that into a brand that’s authentic, enduring, and positioned for the next stage of growth.
The brands that create lasting equity aren’t always the ones with the biggest budgets. They’re the ones with the clearest foundations. Identity and communications matter enormously, but they reach their full potential only when they’re built on top of genuine strategic clarity, deep audience understanding, and cultural alignment.
That’s the work we love doing. And it all starts below the waterline.
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